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专四专八资料
2020英语专八阅读五类题型及解题技巧
发布时间:2020/5/7 16:01:50 已阅读:4479 来源:原创 根据《教学大纲》对2020专八考生阅读能力的要求,专八阅读理解的题型一般可分为以下五类:
1、主旨大意题。
主要测试考生对文章主题及中心思想的把握能力;主旨大意题旨在考查考生的归纳总结能力及其对文章整体上的理解把握能力,这类题目常就文章的主要内容、主题或标题进行设问。根据大纲对考生掌握文章主旨大意的要求,此类题型又可细分为主题型主旨大意题、标题型主旨大意题和目的型主旨大意题。
常见的题干表现形式如:
①The passage is mainly about… ②The passage mainly discusses…
③The main idea (central idea) of the passage is… ④What’s the author’s purpose in writing this article? ⑤The author’s main purpose in writing the passage is to… ⑥The purpose of this article is to… ⑦The best title for the passage would be…
⑧Which of the following titles best summarizes the main idea of the passage?
另外,根据测试内容的不同,主旨大意题又可分为篇章主旨大意题和段落主旨大意题。所谓篇章主旨是针对全文的主题进行提问,所谓段落主旨是针对某一段或几段的主题提问。
2、事实细节题。
事实细节题可分为两大类:一类是词语细节类,其答案几乎可直接从原文中获得——考生只需按照题干中的中心词(关键词)返回原文,找到与其对应的词语和表达方式,就能在对应词的周围找到答案;另一类是隐含细节类,从题干部分很难直接找到与原文对应的词语和表达方式或其答案间接地隐含在文字表达中,有时答案还可能是原文中某一事实的原因、结果、前提等。
此题型是阅读理解中最基本的题型,也是八级阅读理解中出现频率最高的一类题型,其目的在于考查考生对文章事实内容的掌握,如时间、地点、人物、事件等细节问题。常见题干表现形式如:
①According to the passage, it is … that….
②According to the passage, the best solution to … is…
③According to the passage,the problem of…partly arises from…
④The author describes…as…because…
3、推理判断题。
推理判断题不但要求考生掌握文章所表达的字面含义,还要掌握一定的逻辑判断能力及写作技巧知识,从文章表面推出更深层含义,这部分往往出题分量大,难度大,考生出错也最多,但归根结底还是因为考生对文章内容没有做到真正的理解和掌握。此类题的题干中一般都含有imply,infer,deduce,conclude等词。 常见题干表现形式如:
①It can be inferred from the passage that… ②We learn from the passage that…
③What conclusion can be drawn from the passage? ④What do we learn from the last paragraph? ⑤It can be concluded from the passage that… 4、语义理解题。
语义理解题考查的是考生对阅读文章中出现的关键词、短语或句子含义的理解能力。
完成这类题目时不能孤立地根据某个句子或短语做出判断,应把它放到上下文中去理解。此类题目的考查方式通常为两种:一种是对单词和短语的考查;一种是对句子含义的考查。而对于文中单词的考查又无外乎两种情况:一种是多义常用词在特定语境中的具体含义;一种是可以根据上下文推测出含义的生僻词汇。 常见题干表现形式如:
①The word “…” mostly probably means… ②By saying “…”,the author means… ③The word “…” mostly probably refers to…
④Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the word “…” The statement “…” probably means…