华大启点教育

2020英语专八翻译常见三大类错误

　　常见错误一：词汇错误

　　1.词的理解偏差

　　2.词的上下搭配

　　词汇错误1 ：词义理解偏差 (大自然的)恩赐: presents 人，人们: human beings，men 种植(庄稼和葡萄):plant crops and grapes 栽(花): plant flowers 锄草:get rid of grass 温馨家园: warm houses， warm residences，warm family 词汇错误2：词的上下搭配错误 喂牛和挤奶： 牛：cattle(牛，总称);bull(公牛);cow(母牛);calf(牛犊);ox(牛，统称;或公牛);bullock(阉牛);buffalo(水牛) 错译：feed bulls and milk cow(喂公牛和挤母牛的奶);feed oxen and milk them;feed bulls for milk

　　改译：使用及物动词，feed cattle and milk cows, feed cows and milk them, feed and milk cows, feed cows for milk;使用不及物动词，feed cattle and milk, feed cows and milk 词汇错误2：词的上下搭配错误 酿酒和饮酒： 酒：alcohol, wine, liquor, spirits, beer, whisky 错译：brew wine and drink alcohol, brew spirits and drink wine, brew wine and drink beer 改译：使用使用及物动词，brew and drink wine;使用不及物动词，brew and drink

　　词汇错误2：词的上下搭配错误

　　一致并深深地依赖: depend deeply and unanimously，depend deeply and identically 种植(庄稼和葡萄): raise crops and grapes 栽(花): raise flowers 锄草: get rid of grass 温馨家园: warm family

　　常见错误二：词语顺序错误

无论贫富: poor and rich，whether we are poor or not 跳舞和唱歌:dance and sing

　　常见错误三：语篇错误

　　1.逐字翻译，画蛇添足 2.重复不当，不合习惯 3.断句不当，割裂语篇

　　语篇错误1：逐字翻译，画蛇添足

　　例 1、在 周末去教堂祈祷和做礼拜，在节日到广场拉琴、跳舞和唱歌。 原译 :On weekends they go to church to pray and do religious services; in holiday they go to the square to play musical instruments, dance and sing. 改泽 :On weekends they go to church，and on holidays they enjoy playing music while singing and dancing in open squares

　　语篇错误1：逐字翻译，画蛇添足

　　例 2、往 日的田园依旧是今日的温馨家园。 原 译 : Those fields in the past/ of yesterday are still cozy homelands at present/ nowadays/ of today.

　　改 译 ::Thus their olden homelands remain as sweet as ever„

　　语篇错误2：重复不当，不合习惯

　　例 、所以人们对于大自然,全部一致并深深地依赖着。尤其在乡间, 上千年来人们一直以不变的方式生活着。 原 译 :S o people all deeply depend on nature. Especially in the countryside, people keep the unchangeable way of lives for thousands of years. 改译 :That accounts for their deep-rooted attachment to her, especially in the country where their ways of life have been kept intact for thousands of years.

　　语篇错误3：断句不当，割裂语篇

　　例 3、大自然对人的恩赐, 无论贫富, 一律平等。 原译一 :Nature always distributes its resources to human beings. And every man gets equally from it.

　　原译二 : The gifts bestowed by nature are equally distributed among mankind. No matter one is rich or poor, he receives the same from nature.

　　改译 : All people are blessed by nature,rich and poor alike.

　　语篇错误：断句不当，割裂语篇

　　例 9、尤 其是在乡间，上千年来人们一直以不变的方式生活着。 原 译 一 :Especially in the countryside, people's living patterns haven't changed for a thousand years, and people there still live in the same life style.

　　原 译 二 :This was especially true in the country. There people have been living in an unchanged way for a thousand years

　　改 译 :(That accounts for their deep-rooted attachment to her, especially in the country where their ways of life have been kept intact for thousands of years.

　　结论2 在断句方面，学生往往容易犯两种错误:一是死扣原文，把所的句号都译成句号，把所有的逗号都译成逗号，忽视了汉、英标点用法的差异;二是随心所欲，在凡是感到不方便的地方都用句号断开，重起一句。两种情况都容易造成全文信息结构的混乱，令人不知所云。